00100	                        NOTES ON EPISTEMOLOGY
00200	
00300		These notes assume understanding of (McCarthy and Hayes 1969)
00400	and represent extensions and revisions of the ideas of that paper as
00500	well as suggestions for future work in various preliminary states.
00600	
00700		Here are some of the topics to be covered in the notes.
00800	
00900		1. Description of events and actions.  Sandewall (1970a,b,c)
01000	has occupied himself with this problem, but I don't understand
01100	his proposals very well and am rather doubtful.  He discusses
01200	three ways of formalizing the sentence, "Peter is giving Fido to
01300	Mary."  The first is to say
01400	
01500		Gives(peter,fido,mary).
01600	
01700	Sandewall's objections to this are that more arguments might have to 
01800	be added to designate when and where the action takes place,
01900	and that making %Gives% a predicate prevents it from being an argument
02000	of predicates if first order logic is to be used.  I find both of these
02100	arguments rather cogent.
02200	
02300		His second form is
02400	
02500		(∃e) Subject(peter,e) ∧ Verb(giving,e) ∧ Object(fido,e) ∧
02600			Indirobject(mary,e) ∧ Holds(e)
02700	
02800	where %e% is interpreted as the event in which Peter gives Fido to Mary,
02900	and the predicate %Holds% is used to state that the event does in fact
03000	take place.
03100	
03200		The third form is
03300	
03400		Is(Peter,To(Obj(giving,fido),mary))
03500	
03600	which by an ingenious use of conventions regarding infixed operators, he
03700	rewrites as
03800	
03900		peter IS giving OBJ fido TO mary.